Table 8.1. Shelter options | |||||
No. | Option | Cost per space($) | No. of potential spaces (million) | Advantages | Disadvantages |
0 | Do nothing | 0 | — | No cost | Vulnerable to nuclear blackmail; very high casualties |
1 | “Best available” shelter | 1 | 240 | Very low cost | High casualties |
2 | Crisis upgrading | 1-20 | 240 | Very low cost before crisis, low cost during crisis | Requires 1-week warning; use of private property; possible cleanup cost; some evacuation required |
3 | Expedient shelter | 1-20 | 240 | Very low cost for planning; low cost during crisis; good protection | One-week warning required; some evacuation required; short life of shelter |
4 | Fallout shelter in new construction | 0-20 | 240 | Low cost | No help for risk area; requires legislation; may require evacuation; long deployment time |
5 | Mines (modify quarrying near cities | 10-100 | 40-100 | Moderate cost; good protection | Not applicable to all cities; 2- to 15-year deployment time |
6 | Earth-sheltered structures | 60-300 | 160 | Moderate cost; 2-yr deployment | Requires legislation, home-sharing, blast Upgrading |
7 | Dual-use basement in new construction | 250-750 | 240 | Cost at low end | Rubble & fire in central cities; 5- to 10-yr deployment tievacuationme; requires some |
8 | Swiss basement shelter in new construction | 350-500 | 240 | Good protection; little warning required | Long deployment time; rubble & fire problem |
9 | Retrofi tfamily shelter | 500-2500 | 240 | 2-yr deployment; good protection; little warning Required | High cost; not applicable in central cities |
10 | Retrofit dedicated blast shelters (30-50 psi) | 1500-2500 | 200 | Good protection; 2 to 5-yr deployment | Very high cost; land requirements in some Areas |
11 | Tunnel shelters under cities | 2000-5000 | 100 | Good protection; little warning required; reduced rubble & fire problem; maximum population density | Very high cost; long deployment time |
<
