Table 8.1. Shelter options |
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No. |
Option |
Cost per space($) |
No. of potential spaces (million) |
Advantages |
Disadvantages |
0 |
Do nothing |
0 |
— |
No cost |
Vulnerable to nuclear blackmail; very high casualties |
1 |
“Best available” shelter |
1 |
240 |
Very low cost |
High casualties |
2 |
Crisis upgrading |
1-20 |
240 |
Very low cost before crisis, low cost during crisis |
Requires 1-week warning; use of private property; possible cleanup cost; some evacuation required |
3 |
Expedient shelter |
1-20 |
240 |
Very low cost for planning; low cost during crisis; good protection |
One-week warning required; some evacuation required; short life of shelter |
4 |
Fallout shelter in new construction |
0-20 |
240 |
Low cost |
No help for risk area; requires legislation; may require evacuation; long deployment time
|
5 |
Mines (modify quarrying near cities |
10-100 |
40-100 |
Moderate cost; good protection |
Not applicable to all cities; 2- to 15-year deployment time |
6 |
Earth-sheltered structures |
60-300 |
160 |
Moderate cost; 2-yr deployment |
Requires legislation, home-sharing, blast Upgrading |
7 |
Dual-use basement in new construction |
250-750 |
240 |
Cost at low end |
Rubble & fire in central cities; 5- to 10-yr deployment tievacuationme; requires some |
8 |
Swiss basement shelter in new construction |
350-500 |
240 |
Good protection; little warning required |
Long deployment time; rubble & fire problem |
9 |
Retrofi tfamily shelter |
500-2500 |
240 |
2-yr deployment; good protection; little warning Required |
High cost; not applicable in central cities |
10 |
Retrofit dedicated blast shelters (30-50 psi) |
1500-2500 |
200 |
Good protection; 2 to 5-yr deployment |
Very high cost; land requirements in some Areas |
11 |
Tunnel shelters under cities |
2000-5000 |
100 |
Good protection; little warning required; reduced rubble & fire problem; maximum population density |
Very high cost; long deployment time |
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