SurvivalRing

Note from Rich: Water is THE most important thing to consider in any prepping, survival, or disaster situation. While this particular report discusses some rather disturbing aspects of making water in extreme situations, it is still worthy of consideration and study…just in case.

Rich – 23:31:12 – 2010-04-16

*Title*

Continuous potable water supply for fallout shelters and other isolated sites – final report

*Department of US*

Office of Civil Defense

*Abstract*

• In the manned space program, a good deal of effort has been devoted to developing a system for the recovery of water from urine. Processes involving the use of external power yield a satisfactory product only after extensive post treatment, usually involving physical chemical methods. This investigation centers on the evaluation of urine into water suitable for drinking or other uses in fallout shelters and other isolated sites. The capacity of the multiple and mixed bed ion exchange for the dimineralization of urine; and of activated carbon for the removal of urea, foaming agents, and color were evaluated. Reaction rates and products were determined for the oxidation of urea with calcium hypochlorite and with nitrous acid. The hydrolysis of urea without buffer using the enzyme urease was explored. A strongly acidic sulfonated polystyrene exchange resin was found to be effective for the removal of urea from urine. Experiments on the precipitation of chloride and carbonate, either present in urine or a reaction product, with silver salts were conducted.

*Details”

Call Number:	953 v.2
Continuous potable water supply for fallout shelters and other isolated sites – final report
Author(s):	Grieves, Robert B. and Quon, Jimmie E. ; Armed Forces Epidemiology Board. Commission on Environmental Hygiene; Army. Medical Research and Development Command; Office of Civil Defense.
Description:	71 p.
Publication Data:	Evanston, IL : Northwestern University. The Technological Institute. July 1964
Identifier/s:	Misc. No.: DA-49-193-MD-2316/ Accession No.: 59877/ NTIS: AD450653L
Type of Item:	(REPORT)
url:	URLs are tested and verified at time of data entry. handle.dtic.mil/100.2/AD450653 (2mb)
Subjects:	1. FALLOUT SHELTERS 2. WATER SUPPLIES 3. CIVIL DEFENSE
Summary/abstract:	In the manned space program, a good deal of effort has been devoted to developing a system for the recovery of water from urine. Processes involving the use of external power yield a satisfactory product only after extensive post treatment, usually involving physical chemical methods. This investigation centers on the evaluation of urine into water suitable for drinking or other uses in fallout shelters and other isolated sites. The capacity of the multiple and mixed bed ion exchange for the dimineralization of urine; and of activated carbon for the removal of urea, foaming agents, and color were evaluated. Reaction rates and products were determined for the oxidation of urea with calcium hypochlorite and with nitrous acid. The hydrolysis of urea without buffer using the enzyme urease was explored. A strongly acidic sulfonated polystyrene exchange resin was found to be effective for the removal of urea from urine. Experiments on the precipitation of chloride and carbonate, either present in urine or a reaction product, with silver salts were conducted.
Availability:	Not available on Interlibrary Loan
Copies:	c.1: DOCUMENT ROOM – ROOM 209 [Status: IN]

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===> Continuous potable water supply for fallout shelters and other isolated sites - final report (207)

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Thanks, Rich